Teenagers Serving Socio-Educative Measures of Detention and Criminal Groups. This article analyzes the relationships between teenagers interned in the socio-educative Brazilian system and criminal groups known as ‘factions.’ As a methodological strategy, group discussions and open-ended interviews were held with teenagers in two socio-educative centers. To understand such relationships, we propose three ideal types of attachment between teenagers and factions: discursive, territorial, and effective. From this, we discuss the symbolic and material roles that factions play for teenagers in contexts of deprivation of freedom.

O presente artigo analisa as relações que se estabelecem entre adolescentes em cumprimento de medida socioeducativa de internação e grupos criminosos denominados “facções”. Como estratégia metodológica, foram realizados grupos de discussão e entrevistas abertas com socioeducandos em duas unidades de atendimento socioeducativo no Rio Grande do Norte. A fim de compreender tais relações, são propostos três tipos ideais de vinculação entre adolescentes e facções: discursiva, territorial e efetiva. A partir disso, discute-se os papéis simbólicos e materiais que as facções desempenham para os adolescentes inseridos em contextos de privação de liberdade.

Abstract: Particleboard can be produced from a mixture of different lignocellulosic materials, which can be chosen depending on the density required for the panel and its applications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanical properties of particleboard with bamboo, pine and mate for a new product of high density for the special applications currently served by HDF. Particles of bamboo (Phyllostachys aurea) finely chopped sticks of mate (Ilex paraguariensis) and commercial particles of southern pine (Pinus taeda) wood were used. These particles used 100 % by weight in the panel or in mixtures of 50 % each (three mixtures) or in a triple mixture of one third each, were glued in a drum-type rotary mixer with melamine-urea-formaldehyde (MUF) resin, and pressed in hydraulic press at 120 °C and 5,88 MPa for 10 minutes, up to 6 mm thickness. The panels were produced with 900 kg/m3 nominal density and, after pressing, were conditioned at 20 ºC and 65 % relative humidity. Statistical was performed by means the variance analysis and simplex centroid experimental design, with three replicates. It was found the use of pine particles contributed mainly to increase the panel's strength and stiffness, while the use of mate particles facilitated internal bond strength. The mixtures modeling showed that the water absorption, the strength and stiffness in bending and the internal bond strength are explained by the cubic model, while the thickness swelling and hardness are explained by the quadratic model. The best physical and mechanical properties results were found for the pine, bamboo and mate same ratio mixture.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The decoronation technique has been described in literature since 1984 and, based on the available results, it can lead to considerable benefits for the repair and rehabilitation of ankylosed teeth. Based on these reports, one could expect that this procedure would be well known by the dental community. However, this fact does not seem to be true, and this procedure is not widely used. Methods: The objective of this paper is to present appropriate literature that discusses decoronation and evaluate the perspectives of the procedure, both in relation to the technique and the long-term benefits for the patient. An integrative literature review at PubMed, ScieELO, and Lilacs databases was performed using the keywords “decoronation”, “ridge preservation decoronation”, “decoronation ankylosis”. In addition, a case report will be presented to demonstrate the technique in a systematic and detailed manner. Results: Considering the inclusion criteria, 27 articles that present consistency regarding decoronation were selected. Conclusion: There is scarce availability of scientific works related to the topic, to corroborate and discuss the technique. The present paper reinforces the benefits of this procedure, and revisit decoronation, attempting to provide a possible treatment for ankylosed teeth in growing patients.

RESUMO Introdução: A técnica de decoronação é descrita na literatura desde 1984 e, com base nos resultados disponíveis, pode trazer benefícios consideráveis para o reparo e reabilitação de dentes anquilosados. Com base nesses relatos, seria esperado que esse procedimento fosse bem conhecido pela comunidade odontológica. No entanto, isto não parece ser verdadeiro e esse procedimento não é amplamente utilizado. Objetivo: O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar literatura adequada que discuta a decoronação e avalie as perspectivas do procedimento, tanto em relação à técnica quanto aos benefícios em longo prazo para o paciente. Métodos: Foi realizada revisão integrativa da literatura nas bases de dados PubMed, SciELO e Lilacs, utilizando as seguintes palavras-chave: “decoronation”, “ridge preservation decoronation”, “decoronation ankylosis”. Além disso, um relato de caso demonstrará a técnica de maneira sistemática e detalhada. Resultados: Considerando os critérios de inclusão, foram selecionados 27 artigos que apresentam consistência quanto à decoronação. Conclusão: Há escassa disponibilidade de trabalhos científicos relacionados ao tema para corroborar e discutir a técnica. Esse artigo reforça os benefícios desse procedimento e revisa a decoronação na tentativa de fornecer um possível tratamento para dentes anquilosados em pacientes em crescimento.

ABSTRACT In 2006, efforts were launched towards the economic valuation of ecosystemic services provided by forests in Paraguay, this information is very useful for the implementation of public policies. This research sought to estimate the economic value of direct and indirect use of a semi-deciduous mesoxerophytic Schinopsis balansae Engl. Forest, Ecoregion Humid Chaco, Paraguay; detailing its composition, structure and floristic diversity by analyzing two Permanent Biodiversity Monitoring Plots of 1 ha each. In both, 1388 individuals were recorded with BHD ≥ 10 cm, belonging to 54 species, 1 morphospecies, 48 genera and 25 botanic families. Phyllostylon rhamnoides (J. Poiss.) Taub. was the species with higher Importance Value Index (39,20%). According to the Diversity Indexes, site 02 was the most diverse. To valuate the direct use of these sites, according to a census to 303 forestry industries, 13 species were selected as species with a market value for industrial use. The economic value of direct use goods for site 01 was 256,81 US$ ha-1 and for site 02 it was 1.562 US$ ha-1. Considering the forest management option, the value for site 02 was 124,52 US$/ha, while no commercial species in site 01 reached the established minimum felling diameter. The economic value of ecosystemic services of carbon reservoir for site 01 amounted to 129,47 US$ and for site 02 150,81 US$. These tangible values could help improve the regional forest valuation strategies.

RESUMEN En el año 2006 iniciaron esfuerzos de valoración económica de los servicios ecosistémicos que brindan los bosques en Paraguay, esta información es de mucha utilidad para la implementación de políticas públicas. Esta investigación buscó estimar valores económicos de bienes de uso directo e indirecto de un bosque mesoxerofítico semicaducifolio de Schinopsis balansae Engl., Ecorregión Chaco Húmedo, Paraguay, detallando su composición, estructura y diversidad florística, analizando dos Parcelas Permanentes de Monitoreo de la Biodiversidad de 1 ha cada una. En ambas se registraron 1.388 individuos con DAP ≥ 10 cm, pertenecientes a 54 especies, 1 morfoespecie, 48 géneros y 25 familias botánicas. Phyllostylon rhamnoides (J. Poiss.) Taub. fue la especie con mayor Índice de Valor de Importancia (39,20 %). El sitio 02 es el de mayor diversidad. Para valorar su uso directo, luego de un censo a 303 industrias forestales, fueron clasificadas 13 especies con valor de mercado para el uso industrial. El valor económico de bienes de uso directo, con un plan de uso de la tierra, para el sitio 01 fue 256,81 US$ ha-1 y para el sitio 02, 1.562 US$ ha-1. Considerando la opción de manejo forestal el valor para sitio 02 fue 124,52 US$ ha-1, mientras que en sitio 01 ninguna especie comercializable alcanzó los diámetros mínimos establecidos. El valor económico del servicio ecosistémico por reserva de carbono para el sitio 01 ascendió a 129,47 US$ ha-1 y para el sitio 02, 150,81 US$ ha-1. Estos valores ayudarían a mejorar las estrategias de valoración de bosques en la región.

Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar a acurácia da tomografia computadorizada (TC) de tórax em pacientes com suspeita de infecção por SARS-CoV-2 em um centro oncológico. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo e unicêntrico que selecionou 91 pacientes que realizaram TC de tórax e teste RT-PCR no mesmo dia. Os resultados da TC foram classificados em negativos, achados típicos, indeterminados ou atípicos. Acurácia diagnóstica, sensibilidade e especificidade foram calculadas para dois cenários: no primeiro, apenas TC com achados típicos foi considerada positiva; no segundo, achados típicos ou indeterminados foram considerados positivos. Resultados: A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 58,2 anos, sendo a maioria homens (60,4%) e com história de câncer prévio (85,7%). TC demonstrou achados típicos em 28,6%, indeterminados em 24,2% e atípicos em 26,4%. Resultados da RT-PCR foram positivos para SARS-CoV-2 em 27,5%. Sensibilidade, especificidade e acurácia no primeiro e segundo cenários foram, respectivamente, de 64,0%, 84,8% e 79,1%, e 92,0%, 62,1% e 70,3%. Conclusão: A TC tem alta acurácia para o diagnóstico de infecção por SARS-CoV-2. Diferentes critérios de interpretação fornecem maior sensibilidade ou especificidade. A TC deve ser integrada como um teste de triagem em ambientes com recursos limitados durante a pandemia, para ajudar na otimização da utilização de testes de PCR, leitos de isolamento e unidades de terapia intensiva.

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of chest computed tomography (CT) in patients with suspected severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection at a cancer center. Materials and Methods: This retrospective single-center study selected 91 patients who had chest CT and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test collected at the same day. CT results were classified in negative, typical, indeterminate or atypical findings. Diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were calculated for two different scenarios: in the first, only typical findings on CT were considered positive; in the second, both typical and indeterminate findings were considered positive. Results: Mean patients’ age was 58.2 years, most were male (60.4%) and had prior diagnosis of cancer (85.7%). CT showed typical findings in 28.6%, indeterminate findings in 24.2% and atypical findings in 26.4%. RT-PCR results were positive for SARS-CoV-2 in 27.5%. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in the first and second scenarios were respectively 64.0%, 84.8% and 79.1%, and 92.0%, 62.1% and 70.3%. Conclusion: CT has a high accuracy for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Different interpretation criteria can provide either high sensitivity or high specificity. CT should be integrated as a triage test in resource-constrained environments during the pandemic to assist in the optimization of PCR-tests, isolation beds and intensive care units.

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of chest computed tomography (CT) in patients with suspected severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection at a cancer center. Materials and Methods: This retrospective single-center study selected 91 patients who had chest CT and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test collected at the same day. CT results were classified in negative, typical, indeterminate or atypical findings. Diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were calculated for two different scenarios: in the first, only typical findings on CT were considered positive; in the second, both typical and indeterminate findings were considered positive. Results: Mean patients’ age was 58.2 years, most were male (60.4%) and had prior diagnosis of cancer (85.7%). CT showed typical findings in 28.6%, indeterminate findings in 24.2% and atypical findings in 26.4%. RT-PCR results were positive for SARS-CoV-2 in 27.5%. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in the first and second scenarios were respectively 64.0%, 84.8% and 79.1%, and 92.0%, 62.1% and 70.3%. Conclusion: CT has a high accuracy for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Different interpretation criteria can provide either high sensitivity or high specificity. CT should be integrated as a triage test in resource-constrained environments during the pandemic to assist in the optimization of PCR-tests, isolation beds and intensive care units.

Objetivo: Avaliar a acurácia da tomografia computadorizada (TC) de tórax em pacientes com suspeita de infecção por SARS-CoV-2 em um centro oncológico. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo e unicêntrico que selecionou 91 pacientes que realizaram TC de tórax e teste RT-PCR no mesmo dia. Os resultados da TC foram classificados em negativos, achados típicos, indeterminados ou atípicos. Acurácia diagnóstica, sensibilidade e especificidade foram calculadas para dois cenários: no primeiro, apenas TC com achados típicos foi considerada positiva; no segundo, achados típicos ou indeterminados foram considerados positivos. Resultados: A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 58,2 anos, sendo a maioria homens (60,4%) e com história de câncer prévio (85,7%). TC demonstrou achados típicos em 28,6%, indeterminados em 24,2% e atípicos em 26,4%. Resultados da RT-PCR foram positivos para SARS-CoV-2 em 27,5%. Sensibilidade, especificidade e acurácia no primeiro e segundo cenários foram, respectivamente, de 64,0%, 84,8% e 79,1%, e 92,0%, 62,1% e 70,3%. Conclusão: A TC tem alta acurácia para o diagnóstico de infecção por SARS-CoV-2. Diferentes critérios de interpretação fornecem maior sensibilidade ou especificidade. A TC deve ser integrada como um teste de triagem em ambientes com recursos limitados durante a pandemia, para ajudar na otimização da utilização de testes de PCR, leitos de isolamento e unidades de terapia intensiva.

Abstract This study aimed to perform a comparative analysis between models of mechanical maintenance in forestry machines, subsidizing operational planning in order to reduce production costs. The work was conducted in a forestry company with feller bunchers, skidders and harvester machines. The comparative analysis included the Traditional Maintenance and the World Class Maintenance (WCM) models in the judgment of mechanical availability, hydraulic oil consumption and maintenance costs. Using the WCM maintenance model, the results showed a 5% increase in mechanical availability and a 60% reduction in hydraulic oil consumption. The maintenance cost increased by 3% in the WCM model due to an investment in infrastructure and the training of mechanics, but with the potential for better maintenance of forest machines, along with improvements in operational safety, production capacity and longer machine life.

Abstract Economic analysis assists the administration of forest projects (mainly long-term ones) in providing solidity to the investment. This study aimed to analyze the economic viability of an eucalyptus plantation used for pulp production in the mesoregion of Southern Pará, Brazil. Financial analysis was performed using the following methods: net present value (NPV), equivalent annual value (EAV), soil expectation value (SEV), internal rate of return (IRR), and benefit-cost ratio (BCR). Additionally, sensitivity analysis was conducted to identify the cost and revenue values that would represent the interface regarding the viability of the project. To this end, a cash flow was created for different scenarios of cost and revenue. The economic indicators demonstrated that the investment, as proposed in the marketing of standing timber, proved to be economically viable. Sensitivity based on the updated net revenue, despite fluctuations, made the project profitable.

Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, testar diferentes modelos matemáticos para o ajuste de curvas de índice de sítio e avaliar o modelo de Clutter para predição do crescimento e da produção em povoamentos de Pinus taeda na região norte do Estado de Santa Catarina. Os dados de altura dominante foram obtidos por meio da medição de 216 parcelas, com área de 400 m², em 2009. Para o modelo de Clutter, utilizaram-se dados de inventário contínuo, realizado entre os anos de 2004 e 2008, em talhões com idades entre 5 e 34 anos. As estatísticas coeficiente de determinação ajustado (R²aj), erro padrão da estimativa (Syx), erro padrão da estimativa em porcentagem (Syx%) e distribuição de resíduos em porcentagem foram utilizadas para selecionar o melhor modelo. Verificou-se que o modelo de sítio mais adequado foi o de Silva-Bailey e o modelo de Clutter foi considerado eficiente para estimar o crescimento e a produção em m³.ha-1, do ponto de vista estatístico e biológico.

The objective of this study was to test different models for fitting site index curves and evaluat the Clutter model for predicting Pinus taedagrowth and yield in the northern State of Santa Catarina. The dominant height data were obtained from 216 plots measured in 2009, with an area of 400 m². To fit the Clutter model we used data from permanent plots, conducted between 2004 and 2008 in areas aged between 5 and 34 years. The coefficient of determination (R²adj), standard error of estimate (Syx), standard error of estimate in percentage (Syx%) and residual percentage distribution were the statistics used to select the best model. The Silva-Bailey model was the most appropriated to represent site index curves, while the Clutter model performed well for estimating the growth and yield (m³.ha-1), from a statistical and biological point of view.